Theoretical frameworks are theoretical explanations of a phenomenon.It deals with related topics associated with the topic under study(Chinweuba et al,2014).The rational model is applied to this research study
In the rational model educational strategies target individuals and groups and strive to encourage positive and prevent negative health behaviour choices. This is done by presenting relatively unbiased information .This model is also known as the knowledge,attitudes,practices model(KAP).It is based on the premise that increasing a person�s knowledge will prompt a behavioral change .It is assumed that the only obstacle to acting �responsibly� and� rationally� is ignorance,and that information alone can influence behavior by �correcting� this lack of knowledge .
Change in knowledge----?Change in attitude/belief-------?Change in behaviour.
This model has its weaknesss, however, knowledge is a necessary but usually not sufficiernt factor in changing individual or collective behaviour.�Motivation� usually come from sources other than ,or in addition ,to factual knowledge.
APPLICATION OF THE RATIONAL MODEL TO THE RESEARCH STUDY
Statistics have shown that a high number of death from respiratory diseases occur in under 5 children and also respiratory diseases is the leading cause of death in children under 5 years of age .Many of these deaths are preventable.�Change� as it is said is the only constant phenomenon in life.Application of the nursing tool �Health Education� is of great importance in the rational model. Health Education of the parents, family members or close relatives,guardian or caretakers (target individuals or group)of these children is essential to inform them about the causes/aetiology, risk /pre disposing factors and the preventive and control measures of these respiratory diseases. This will equip them with the right knowledge to change their negative attitude and belief and enable them make positive health behavioural changes and chioces .
Health Education can be effectively carried out during antenatal care services,postnatal care services, immunization services and even during admission and clinical visitation of a child with respiratory illness to prevent its reoccurence and fatality. Home visitation which ia an important funcion of the public health nurse can be used as a motivational tool to encourage these target individuals and group and better still assess their personal and enviromental changes as well as home practices in order to evaluate the impact of the health education and the effectiveness of the change .
EMPERICAL FRAMEWORK/REVIEW
This is the use of standardized knowledge or result of other people�s research work in the same area of study as a comparison or guide in the recnt research study.Put differently,emperical review deals with the statistics and results from other studies relating to the topic under study(Chinweuba et al,2014).
In a study on the prevalence of acute respiratory tract infections(ARI) in under five children in urban and rural communities of Ahmedabad district,Gujarat in India by Prajapati ,Talsania and Sonaliya(2011) to find out the prevalence of acute respiratory infections in under five children living in the urban and rural areas of Ahmedabad district ..A cross sectional study was carried out in500 under five children living in the urban and rural areas of Ahmedabad district from september 2008 to march 2009 .To choose samples from each area,simple random technique was applied and 250 chidren were studied from each area(urban and rural).Predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used for data collection.Acute respiratory tract infections cases were found during the study;according to sexwise 56.3% were males and 43.7% were females.More acute respiratory tract infections were seen in 1-4years of age group.
In a study on the pattern of respiaratory diseases in children presenting to the Paediatic Emmergency Unit of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital,Enugu:A case series report by Oguonu,Ayu,Edelu and Ndu(2014),to ascertain the pattern and outcome of respiratory diseases in children presenting to the Paediatric Emmergency Unit of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital,Enugu .Information from case notes from January 2007 to December 2012 was reviewed by using the ward register to compile the list of patients attended to in the unit and extracting the case notes of patients with respiratory diseases.There was a total of 8974 children admitted to the emmergency unit during the period of review, January 2007 to December 2012.Of these admissions,2214(274.7%) were due to respiratory illnesses and the most prevalent among the under five age group admitted during the period were pneumonia(34.0%),acute bronchial asthma(27.7%) and rhinosinus itis (14.6%)
This is dummy text. It is not meant to be read. Accordingly, it is difficult to figure out when to end it. But then, this is dummy text. It is not meant to be read. Period.
ConversionConversion EmoticonEmoticon